Steel manufacturing process ppt

Place the steel in the furnace at 1562f in the austenite range, and keep it there for an hour until the metal has reached its equilibrium temperature and corresponding solid solution structure. In car manufacturing, the mass of the steel body structure typically ranges between 200 and 400 kg worldautosteel, 20. Electric arc furnace steelmaking continuous casting. Ntn is working on the creation of part technologies that realize ecology and economy for various parts of the. Next, the strand is cut depending on applicationslabs for flat products plate and strip, blooms for sections beams, billets for long products wires, or thin strips. Ppt fabrication process powerpoint presentation free. Steel is basically up of an alloy of carbon and iron, where the presence of carbon may vary from 0. Stainless steel pipe and tube manufacturing process. The first involves the production of molten iron and the second is that of actual steel manufacture. In mandrel mill pipe manufacturing process, steel billet is heated to high temperature in the rotary furnace. The steel which we get from remelting shop or from steel manufacturing plants is mostly in the form of ingots.

Modern methods, however, are still based the same premise as the bessemer process, namely, how to most efficiently use oxygen to lower the carbon content in iron. A lot of the carbon will be removed, but aluminium will take its place to create a drawing quality steel. Even though equipment is improved and higher production rates can be achieved, the processes. Maketoorder at the product level and its mapping to sap by order creation scenario and how variant selection takes place in the order. The grading is based on which elements are still in the metal, such as carbon dioxide.

After the bfbof process, molten steel is controlled to a target composition. Steel making plant electric arc furnace ladle furnace continuous. The 6 steps in the manufacturing process of a stainless steel. Steel can be described in general terms as iron with most of the carbon removed, to make it tougher and more ductile. The hot rolling process california steel industries. Hydroforming is the manufacturing process used to convert a sheet of steel into the panel of a car door or other shape required singh, 2003. Create product structure charts, boms and routing sheets determine appropriate manufacturing process evaluate. During 9th century the middle east developed techniques to produce flexible and sharp products with steel chard, jack, 1995. The process, with energy from renewable resources and electric power, of electric furnacesteelrefiningcontinuous castinghot rolling, which is the electric furnace process with resources of social recycling steel scraps, processing and manufacturing steel scraps, scraps selfproduction at steel plants, and electric power. The blast furnace is the first step in producing steel from iron oxides. The history says that around bc 100 steel was the major export from asia.

Electric flash welding is no longer used as a major process for pipe manufacturing. Introduction to welded pipe manufacturing the process piping. However, the properties of steel, wrought iron and cast iron differ tremendously. Iron and steel manufacture technology related to the production of iron and its alloys, particularly those containing a small percentage of carbon. The steel wheel rim manufacturing line mainly includes coiler machine, ac flash butt welding machine, trimmerplanisherend cutting unit, horizontal flaring machine, roll forming machine, expanding machine, valve hole press machine, pressfitting machine, combined welding machine, hydraulic system, control system operating personnel. This vital operation is carefully controlled to ensure that no lubricant is left on the steel. An introduction to steel and steel metallurgy timken steel. Deoxidation of the steel is accomplished by the addition of silicon. Only a small amount of carbon is needed to produce steel. Machines, jigs and fixtures, buildings variables costs. Salzgitter the process shown above is illustrative only and is not designed to show the steelmaking process in detail. Manufacturing metal mold is much more expensive than manufacturing sand molds or investment casting process mold. The manufacturing process introduces alloying elements that form carbides, commonly tungsten, chromium, vanadium and molybdenum.

Direct reduction scrap ladle refining electric arc furnace steelmaking iron ore pellets electric arc furnace steelmaking continuous casting design by cover photo. Stainless steel is an ironcontaining alloya substance made up of two or more chemical elementsused in a wide range of applications. Introduction steel is recyclable and hence is a green material. The iron produced in this way always contains high levels of impurities making it very.

Cold rolling is usually a finishing process in which products made by hot rolling are given a final shape. Killed steel carbon and oxygen react in the steelmaking process to form a gas. Content introduction types of steel classification of carbon steel process of steelmaking basic oxygen furnace dri based steel making bessemer process open hearth furnace production of steel modern steelmaking process 3. To create structural steel beams, components, or equipment, a good metal fabricator follows a specific process step 1. The physical properties of an alloy depend on the percentage composition of the constituent elements and the manufacturing process. There are many different process routes available for stainless steel manufacturing process. Steelmaking is the process of producing steel from iron ore andor scrap. Quality and operation management system for steel products. A crmscm approach to steel industry with sapmto process. Steel product manufacturing global market report 2019 the steel product manufacturing market size is expected to reach a higher value by 2022, significantly growing at a steady cagr during the forecast period. As such, the steel manufacturing process begins by smelting iron ore fe 2 o 3 or fe 3 o 4 in a blast furnace.

Firstly, the stainless steel strips are made to gone through various quality checks and are trimmed at edges. Pig iron is divided into steel making pig iron, which is intended for further processing to steel by various refining processes, and foundry pig iron, from which cast iron is produced by remelting. The different grades of steel are used for different tasks. The hotdip galvanizing process figure 1 has been used since 1742, providing longlasting, maintenancefree corrosion protection at a reasonable cost for decades although hotdip galvanizing has been utilized to protect steel for generations, the galvanizing process continues to evolve with new technologies and creative chem. It is now pig iron, ready for more iron work or steelmaking. The hot rolling process the primary function of the hot strip mill is to reheat semifinished steel slabs of steel nearly to their melting point, then roll them thinner and longer through 12 successive rolling mill stands driven by motors totaling 77,000 hp, and finally coiling up the lengthened steel sheet for transport to the next process. It has excellent resistance to stain or rust due to its chromium content, usually from 12 to 20 percent of the alloy. To create structural steel beams, components, or equipment, a good metal fabricator follows a specific process powerpoint ppt presentation free to view. In primary forming, the steel that is cast is then formed into various shapes, often by hot rolling, a process that eliminates cast defects and achieves the required shape and surface quality. Galvanizing process american galvanizers association. Forming processes rolling, extrusion, forging, drawing dr. Steels are alloys of iron and other elements, primarily carbon, widely used in construction and other.

The molten iron is mixed with recycled steel scrap and further processed in a basic oxygen furnace to make steel. Typically, sheets of metal are sold as flat, rectangular sheets of standard size. Nowadays integrated steelworks are rarely viable at less than 3 million tonnes p. The first blast furnaces appeared in the 14th century and produced one ton per day. Process involved in manufacturing carbonization of coke blast furnace basic oxygen steel making bos electric arc method 3. The story of the bessemer steelmaking process is a classic example of the military impetus for technological development. The proportions of material used vary according to the process and the type of steel required. The basic raw material for steel manufacture is either the hot metal from the blast furnace, steel scrap or a mixture of both. Ppt iron and steel manufacture powerpoint presentation. The bearing is one of the machine parts that supports the highreliability of the system. Manufacturing process sail steel authority of india. This oneofakind experience allows you to click on each phase of steelmaking and provides a deeper. Manufacturing processes and products of steel pipes and.

Steel can contain up to 2% carbon, but over that amount it is considered to be cast iron, in which the excess carbon forms graphite. Jan 14, 2020 in primary forming, the steel that is cast is then formed into various shapes, often by hot rolling, a process that eliminates cast defects and achieves the required shape and surface quality. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. This document will help to understand the overview of steel industry business and process flow from customersupplier perspective and industrys supply chain. The figure shows a flowchart of the integrated manufacturing process for iron and steel using the blast furnace and basic oxygen furnace denoted bf and bof hereinafter, respectively, which is presently the most commonly used method 51% of world steel production. Hot metal and crude steel process are also inter linked among themselves as represented by arrows. A cylindrical hollow, which is also known as mother hollow, is produced with the help of a rotary piercer and set of roller arrangement that keeps the piercer at the center of the billet. It is because of this reason steel is considered to occupy a position between these two metals. The choice of process route is influenced by raw material availability, desired product, downstream processing, existing shop logistics, and capital. Directly reduced iron directly reduced iron is a product of iron steel direct reduction from ores in the solid. Steel production american iron and steel institute. There are basically many different steel manufacturing processes like cementation, crucible, bessemer, openhearth and electric process. Steelmaking the refining of iron to make steel is where the carbon content of hot metal is lowered, usually to less than 1 % by an oxidation process in a steelmaking furnace.

Hot rolled products are divided into flat products, long products, seamless tubes, and specialty products. If the oxygen available for this reaction is not removed deoxidized prior to casting, the gaseous products continue to evolve during solidification. They are then fed to the tubes mill by stainless steel pipe manufacturers in india. Direct reduction scrap ladle refining electric arc furnace steelmaking iron ore pellets. All have their own importance and are employed to produce the required type of steel alloy. One has to choose from these routes based on many factors which determine capital and operating costs. Steps in the modern steelmaking process the balance. The refining of iron to make steel is where the carbon content of hot metal is lowered, usually to less than 1 % by an oxidation process in a steelmaking furnace. Structural steel fabrication is a multifaceted process that requires specialized knowledge, skills, and resources to complete successfully. Secondary steelmaking is a refining process in which alloying metals are added and impurities are removed. The growth in the steel product manufacturing market is due to increase in new vehicle sales in rapidly developing countries such as china and india owing to rise in disposable income. Oct 28, 2014 process involved in manufacturing carbonization of coke blast furnace basic oxygen steel making bos electric arc method 3.

Ferrous and noferrous metals and alloys are cast by the permanent mold casting process. The process starts in the center of the wheel with the three main ingredients of iron in the form of iron ore, coke and lime, which are fed into a blast furnace to. Scarfing involves overlaying the inner edge of the steel plate, and the tapered edge of. Depending on the manufacturing process, welded pipes can be divided into three classes. Very good quality of steel was being used in southern india. The shell strand is withdrawn using guided rolls, then its fully cooled and solidified. There are more than 57 stainless steels recognized as standard alloys, in addition to. Continuous steel casting process liquid steel is directly cast into semifinished products, which eliminates the need for primary rolling of ingots.

Steel manufacturing equipment is typical of enormous line systems that operate continuously, 24 hours a day. Minimum number of castings for profitable use of a permanent mold is dependent on the complexity of its shape. Aist has collaborated with purdue university northwests center for innovation through visualization and simulation to create a unique, interactive experience of the steel manufacturing process. Ppt steel manufacturing powerpoint presentation free. Introduction or early detection of the cause of quality anomaly and expedition of manufacturing process management, a quality and operation management system has been developed. During annealing, the steel goes through the following temperature histories. Aug 21, 2016 amazing pure gold manufacturing process technology. From china the process of making steel came to india. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Forging steel bar is forged into cups, cones, wear rings, and automotive rings in hot forging. After this process has finished, we have raw steel.

In lap welding process, steel was heated in a furnace and then rolled into the shape of a cylinder. What is the structural steel fabrication process structural steel fabrication is a multifaceted process that requires specialized knowledge, skills, and resources to complete successfully. Iron occurs mainly as oxide ores, though it is also found in smaller quantities as its sulfide. Swot analysis of steel re rolling mills a comparative. These processes provide good surface finish, closer dimensional tolerances and enhance mechanical strength of the material. The six steps of modern steel manufacturing melfab engineering. Hot rolled coils are processed in a continuous pickling line where scale is removed. The process starts in the center of the wheel with the three main ingredients of iron in the form of iron ore, coke and lime, which are fed into a blast furnace to produce molten iron. Manufacturing process of steel scrap to billet and billet to rolling mill sunil mishra. Methods for manufacturing steel have evolved significantly since industrial production began in the late 19th century. This smelting process melts out and separates iron from the original rock material. In steelmaking, impurities such as nitrogen, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur and excess carbon most important impurity are removed from the sourced iron, and alloying elements such as manganese, nickel, chromium, carbon and vanadium are added to produce different grades of steel. Continuous casting sees the molten steel cast into a cooled mold, causing a thin steel shell to solidify. Modern steelmaking can be broken down into six steps.

Extreme dangerous biggest heavy duty hammer forging factory, hydraulic steel forging process duration. The ideation stage can be as creative or as standard as the client desires. Manufacturing processes and products of steel pipes and tubes. Electric furnace process an overview sciencedirect topics. An outline of the pipe and tube manufacturing process is shown in fig. Steel is primarily produced using one of two methods. Check out this infographic for an overview of the products that make each stage of the iron and steel manufacturing process possible, from incoming raw materials to the final coating line. Liquid metal from the blast furnace is converted to steel by the ld process, the liquid steel is then taken to a ladle furnace for secondary refining, addition of ferroalloys for accurate control of the chemistry, to drive out the nonmetallic inclusions and control of temperature for sound casting into billets of size 150x150 mm sq.

The crude steel or liquid steel is poured into a reciprocating refractorylined receptacle, called a tundish. Broaching is a machining process that uses a toothed tool, called a broach, to remove material. A clean surface is essential to the cold rolling and subsequent processes to achieve the desired qualities of the surface. How stainless steel is made material, manufacture, used. Pig iron and refined iron ore pellets briquetted iron can. The modern steel manufacturing process the balance. The product of the blast furnace is known as pig iron the basic ingredient of steel. Carbonization of coke well graded coal is selected heated or carbonized to coke heated coal is cooled and proper coke are fed into the blast furnace for the farther process. Iron ore is mixed with coke, a form of very pure coal.

To create structural steel beams, components, or equipment, a good metal fabricator follows a specific process. This presentation gives an overall idea of manufacturing process of steel. Whereas mini mills operate successfully at 100,000 tonnes p. Manufacture of steel steel manufacturing process and steps.

Manufacturing process thai cold rolled steel sheet. Some of the pig iron goes to the foundries to make iron castings, but the vast majority is re melted and used in the production of steel in steel. In steelmaking, impurities such as nitrogen, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur and excess. Some of the technological options for converting iron ore to steel products is schematically shown below. The article presents a comprehensive explanation regarding all the above mentioned process. In linear broaching, which is the more common process, the broach is run linearly against a surface of the workpiece to effect the cut. Steelmaking is the process for producing steel from iron ore and scrap. The manufacture of tool steels takes place under carefully controlled conditions to produce the required quality.